Meaning & readings

lunatic, insane, crazy, confuse

On’yomi キョウ
Kun’yomi くる.う、くる.おしい、くるお.しい

Origin

The character combines the animal radical on the left, which signals this word relates to animal behavior, with the sound hint on the right, which gives a clue to how the character is pronounced. The idea is that an animal behaving wildly or out of control appears crazed or insane. Over time, the meaning expanded from describing frenzied animal behavior to describe any kind of madness or confusion in people as well. The left component anchors the visual and conceptual link to animal nature, while the right component simply helps readers know roughly how to say the word aloud.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

7 strokes

Components

  • radical left
  • sound hint right

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 狂う くるう to go mad; to lose one's mind
  • 狂気 きょうき madness; insanity
  • 狂言 きょうげん kyogen; farce presented between noh plays or during the interlude of a noh play
  • 狂奔 きょうほん rushing around; running wild
  • 狂乱 きょうらん fury; frenzy
  • 熱狂 ねっきょう wild enthusiasm; being crazy about

Reference

Strokes
7
Kangxi radical
94
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#1425 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 1
Unicode
U+072C2