Meaning & readings

have the honor to, sign of the monkey, 3-5PM, ninth sign of Chinese zodiac

On’yomi シン
Kun’yomi もう.す、もう.し-、さる

Origin

This character most likely pictures a person with arms raised or extended, which originally represented the idea of "reporting" or "petitioning" — someone presenting themselves respectfully to a superior. The raised-arm posture conveys the sense of respectfully asking or speaking up, which is why "mosu" means "to say humbly" or "to report." Over time the shape became more geometric and less recognizable as a body, but the meaning of formal communication or respectful statement stuck around. The character was later adopted as the name for the monkey in the Chinese zodiac and the associated time period simply through sound association, not because of any connection to the shape itself.

申 5 strokes

Components

  • 日 radical
  • 丨 radical

Common words

  • 上申 じょうしん report to a superior
  • 申す もうす to say; to be called
  • 申告 しんこく report; return (e.g. tax)
  • 申請 しんせい application; request
  • 答申 とうしん report; reply
  • 内申 ないしん unofficial report; confidential report
  • 申し出 もうしで proposal; offer
  • 申し訳 もうしわけ apology; excuse

Easily confused with

These look alike but are unrelated in meaning — check the stroke that differs.

Reference

Strokes
5
Kangxi radical
102
Formation type
Compound ideographic (combined meanings)
Grade
Grade 3 (Kyōiku)
Frequency rank
#492 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 2
Unicode
U+07533