Meaning & readings

repent, regret

On’yomi カイ
Kun’yomi く.いる、く.やむ、くや.しい

Origin

The character combines a heart radical on the left, which marks this as a word about emotions or inner states, with the component on the right that serves as a sound hint for the character's Chinese pronunciation. The heart component makes sense for "regret" because regret is fundamentally an emotional response—a feeling of sorrow or disappointment about something you did or didn't do. Over time, the two parts fused into a single character that carries the meaning of repenting or feeling remorseful about past actions.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

9 strokes

Components

  • radical left
  • sound hint right

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 悔い くい regret; repentance
  • 後悔 こうかい regret; repentance
  • 悔いる くいる to regret
  • 悔やむ くやむ to mourn; to lament
  • 悔しい くやしい frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed
  • 悔し泣き くやしなき crying from vexation; tears of regret

Reference

Strokes
9
Kangxi radical
61
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#1460 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 1
Unicode
U+06094