Meaning & readings

dirty, pollute, disgrace, rape, defile

On’yomi
Kun’yomi けが.す、けが.れる、けが.らわしい、よご.す、よご.れる、きたな.い

Origin

This character combines water on the left, which marks it as relating to liquids or things that flow, with a sound component on the right that hints at how to pronounce it. The basic idea is that water becomes dirty or polluted — when water is no longer clean, it becomes "defiled" or "filthy." From there, the meaning expanded to cover any kind of pollution or defilement, including the disgrace that comes from wrongdoing. The character essentially pictures the concept of water losing its purity, which fits both the literal sense of dirty water and the figurative sense of moral corruption.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

6 strokes

Components

  • radical left
  • 亏V sound hint right

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 汚い きたない dirty; filthy
  • 汚す よごす to pollute; to contaminate
  • 汚職 おしょく corruption (esp. by a government employee); bribery
  • 汚水 おすい filthy water; sewage
  • 汚染 おせん pollution; contamination
  • 汚濁 おだく pollution; contamination
  • 汚点 おてん stain; blot
  • 汚物 おぶつ filth (esp. excrement, feces, urine); muck

Reference

Strokes
6
Kangxi radical
85
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#908 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 2
Unicode
U+06C5A