Meaning & readings

withstand, endure, support, resist

On’yomi カン、タン
Kun’yomi た.える、たま.る、こら.える、こた.える

Origin

The character 堪 combines the element 土, which refers to earth or ground and classifies characters related to soil and solid things, with 甚, a sound component that hints at the character's pronunciation. The left side suggests something solid and stable—the kind of thing that can support weight or withstand pressure. Together, the combination developed the meaning of being able to endure, resist, or support a burden, much like solid ground can bear weight without giving way. The 甚 component doesn't contribute a meaning but tells you roughly how the character should sound.

堪 12 strokes

Components

  • 土 radical left
  • 甚 sound hint right

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 堪能 たんのう proficient; skilled
  • 堪らない たまらない intolerable; unbearable

Easily confused with

These look alike but are unrelated in meaning — check the stroke that differs.

Reference

Strokes
12
Kangxi radical
32
Formation type
Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint)
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#1953 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 1
Unicode
U+0582A