Meaning & readings

exertion, endeavour, encourage, strive, make effort, diligent

On’yomi ベン
Kun’yomi つと.める
Nanori ひこ、やつ

Origin

The character combines "strength" or "power" () with a sound component () that hints at the pronunciation. The radical suggests the physical or mental effort needed, while provides a rough phonetic guide. Together they create a character meaning to exert oneself or work diligently — the idea that real effort requires applying your power and strength toward a goal. Over time this visual pairing came to represent the broader sense of striving, encouragement, and diligence that the character carries today.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

10 strokes

Components

  • sound hint bottom-left wrap
  • radical nyoc

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 勤勉 きんべん diligent; hard-working
  • 勉学 べんがく study; pursuit of knowledge
  • 勉強 べんきょう study
  • 勉強中 べんきょうちゅう while studying; presently studying

Reference

Strokes
10
Kangxi radical
19
Grade
Grade 3 (Kyōiku)
Frequency rank
#1066 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 3
Unicode
U+052C9