Meaning & readings

old

On’yomi コ
Kun’yomi ふる.い、ふる-、-ふる.す
Nanori ふゆ

Origin

This character combines ten (十) above a mouth or container (口) to suggest something old. The image represents the passage of time—ten mouths or ten periods—accumulated together, which conveys the idea of age and antiquity. By stacking these elements, the character visually expresses how things become old through the accumulation of many passing periods or cycles.

古 5 strokes

Components

  • 十 radical top
  • 口 radical bottom

Common words

  • 稽古 けいこ practice; practising
  • 古い ふるい old; aged
  • 古語 こご archaic word; obsolete word
  • 古今 ここん ancient and modern times; all ages
  • 古参 こさん senior; veteran
  • 古書 こしょ old book; rare book
  • 古城 こじょう old castle; old fortress
  • 古巣 ふるす old haunts; former homes

Easily confused with

These look alike but are unrelated in meaning — check the stroke that differs.

Reference

Strokes
5
Kangxi radical
30
Formation type
Compound ideographic (combined meanings)
Grade
Grade 2 (Kyōiku)
Frequency rank
#509 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 4
Unicode
U+053E4