Meaning & readings

germ, fungus, bacteria

On’yomi キン

Origin

The character combines the grass radical at the top, which classifies the character as referring to plants or plant-like organisms, with the sound component at the bottom that suggests the pronunciation kin. The bottom component acts purely as a phonetic hint and doesn't contribute to the meaning. Together, the character depicts the concept of microscopic plant-like growths—fungi and bacteria—that exist in the natural world. Over time, this character came to refer broadly to germs and microorganisms.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

11 strokes

Components

  • radical top
  • sound hint bottom

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 球菌 きゅうきん coccus
  • 抗菌 こうきん antibacterial; antimicrobial
  • 細菌 さいきん bacterium; bacteria
  • 殺菌 さっきん sterilization; sterilisation
  • 無菌 むきん sterilised; sterilized
  • 除菌 じょきん disinfection; sterile filtration
  • ばい菌 ばいきん germ; germs
  • 大腸菌 だいちょうきん Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Reference

Strokes
11
Kangxi radical
140
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#1586 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 1
Unicode
U+083CC