Meaning & readings
lack, gap, fail, yawning radical (no. 76)
On’yomi ケツ、ケン
Kun’yomi か.ける、か.く
Origin
The character 欠 appears to be a simple picture of a person's head tilted back with the mouth wide open, capturing the moment of a yawn or gasp. The upper strokes suggest the head, while the open space in the middle represents the gaping mouth. This visual image of an open mouth naturally extended to meanings like "lack" or "gap" — just as a yawn creates an opening, anything missing creates an empty space. Over time, the pictorial likeness became more stylized into the abstract form we see today, but the original image of an open mouth remains the basis for all its related meanings.
Components
This character is treated as a single, undivided shape (欠).
Common words
Reference
- Strokes
- 4
- Kangxi radical
- 76
- Formation type
- Pictographic or simple
- Grade
- Grade 4 (Kyōiku)
- Frequency rank
- #860 (newspapers)
- Former JLPT
- level 2
- Unicode
- U+06B20