Meaning & readings

surpass, cross over, move to, exceed, Vietnam

On’yomi エツ、オツ
Kun’yomi こ.す、-こ.す、-ご.し、こ.える、-ご.え
Nanori えち、えっ、お、こえ、こし、ごえ、ごし、ごや

Origin

The character combines the radical , which means "run" or "move," with 戉, a component that provides a sound hint for pronunciation. The radical suggests the idea of motion or moving forward, which connects to the character's meanings of crossing over, surpassing, or moving to a new place. The second component doesn't contribute meaning but instead guides how the character should be pronounced. Together, these parts create a character that captures the sense of actively moving past or beyond something.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

12 strokes

Components

  • radical bottom-left wrap
  • sound hint nyoc

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 越す こす to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across
  • 越境 えっきょう crossing a border (illegally); border violation
  • 越権 えっけん going beyond authority; unauthorized
  • 越冬 えっとう passing the winter; hibernation
  • 越年 えつねん seeing the old year out; greeting the New Year
  • 上越 じょうえつ area on Japan Sea side of Japan, including Niigata
  • 卓越 たくえつ preeminence; excellence
  • 超越 ちょうえつ transcendence; transcendency

Reference

Strokes
12
Kangxi radical
156
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#897 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 2
Unicode
U+08D8A